Bibliography
Every work cited anywhere in this repository, once. The text cites Author Year; the key column matches it.
| Key | Citation | Link |
|---|---|---|
| Abraham 2008 | Abraham (2008). Computer-mediated glosses in second language reading comprehension and vocabulary learning: a meta-analysis. Computer Assisted Language Learning 21(3), 199-226. Abstract read (ERIC EJ799256) | https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220802090246 |
| Academia 2014a | "What is the benefit of writing lecture notes for an introductory course vs using a textbook?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 28675, asked 2014-09; read 2026-10-29 (43 votes, 7,039 views, 12 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/28675 |
| Academia 2016a | "Continuum from collaboration on homework to copying". Academia Stack Exchange, question 63210, asked 2016-02; read 2026-10-29 (42 votes, 2,765 views, 4 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/63210 |
| Academia 2016p | "Why are academic institutions now looking to judge their students in multiple choice questions tests?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 66041, asked 2016-03; read 2026-10-29 (16 votes, 4,050 views, 4 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/66041 |
| Academia 2016q | "Does it matter if you have three or four possible answers when making a multiple choice test for learning?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 69062, asked 2016-05; read 2026-10-29 (1 vote, 515 views, 1 answer) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/69062 |
| Academia 2017a | "Is a professor required to provide homework solutions?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 85794, asked 2017-03; read 2026-10-29 (40 votes, 13,723 views, 10 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/85794 |
| Academia 2017b | "writing the learning outcomes and the syllabus". Academia Stack Exchange, question 89653, asked 2017-05; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 452 views, 4 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/89653 |
| Academia 2017c | "Is not providing lecture notes to math students really beneficial to them?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 90457, asked 2017-06; read 2026-10-29 (23 votes, 3,050 views, 5 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/90457 |
| Academia 2018a | "Should I prepare new homework exercises each year, 20% of the final grade is homework?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 107825, asked 2018-04; read 2026-10-29 (71 votes, 17,054 views, 16 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/107825 |
| Academia 2018b | "Best practices when allowing exam cheat sheets". Academia Stack Exchange, question 102654, asked 2018-01; read 2026-10-29 (38 votes, 24,249 views, 7 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/102654 |
| Academia 2018c | "Where should a glossary be placed in a book?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 118939, asked 2018-10; read 2026-10-29 (1 vote, 1,922 views, 1 answer) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/118939 |
| Academia 2018p | "Should I include extra information in quiz questions?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 104302, asked 2018-02; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 271 views, 3 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/104302 |
| Academia 2019a | "Students' illicit access to answers for online homework systems". Academia Stack Exchange, question 127474, asked 2019-04; read 2026-10-29 (8 votes, 3,072 views, 1 answer) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/127474 |
| Academia 2021a | "I see an increase in homework plagiarism due to the ease of finding solutions online". Academia Stack Exchange, question 165856, asked 2021-04; read 2026-10-29 (0 votes, 791 views, 1 answer) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/165856 |
| Academia 2021p | "How would you, as a teacher, decide if a particular topic/ concept should be tested as multiple-choice questions or as free-response questions?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 166286, asked 2021-04; read 2026-10-29 (13 votes, 3,720 views, 6 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/166286 |
| Academia 2022a | "How should I "stress" words present in the glossary?". Academia Stack Exchange, question 187992, asked 2022-08; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 1,399 views, 4 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/187992 |
| Academia 2023a | "The challenge large language models (LLMs) pose to programming-based homework". Academia Stack Exchange, question 195253, asked 2023-04; read 2026-10-29 (38 votes, 7,575 views, 9 answers) | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/195253 |
| AcSE 2016 | Academia Stack Exchange (2016). Why doesn't academia incorporate spaced repetition in higher education? Question 69100 | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/69100 |
| AcSE 2023 | Academia Stack Exchange (2023). Is it cheating to share a quizlet? Question 194980 | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/194980 |
| AcSE 2024 | Academia Stack Exchange (2024). Why don't professors seem to use learning strategies like spaced repetition and note-taking? Question 211203 | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/211203 |
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| Agarwal 2019 | Agarwal (2019). Retrieval practice and Bloom's taxonomy: do students need fact knowledge before higher order learning? Journal of Educational Psychology 111, 189-209. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000282 |
| Agodini 2010 | Agodini, Harris (2010). An experimental evaluation of four elementary school math curricula. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness 3(3), 199-253. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1080/19345741003770693 |
| Agodini 2013 | Agodini, Harris, Seftor, Remillard, Thomas (2013). After two years, three elementary math curricula outperform a fourth. NCEE Evaluation Brief 2013-4019. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED544185 |
| Aleknavičiūtė 2023 | Aleknavičiūtė, Lehtinen, Södervik (2023). Thirty years of conceptual change research in biology: a review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. Educational Research Review 41, 100556. Title and venue only | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2023.100556 |
| Alemdag 2025 | Alemdag, Eichelmann, Narciss (2025). Learning from erroneous examples, meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research | https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543251390901 |
| Aleven 2003 | Aleven, Stahl, Schworm, Fischer, Wallace (2003). Help seeking and help design in interactive learning environments. Review of Educational Research 73(3), 277-320. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543073003277 |
| Aleven 2016 | Aleven, Roll, McLaren, Koedinger (2016). Help helps, but only so much: research on help seeking with intelligent tutoring systems. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 26, 205-223. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-015-0089-1 |
| Alhazmi 2024 | Alhazmi, Sheng, Zhang, Zaib, Alhazmi (2024). Distractor generation in multiple-choice tasks: a survey of methods, datasets, and evaluation. Proceedings of EMNLP 2024, 14437-14458. Abstract read (arXiv:2402.01512) | https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.799 |
| Anderson 1971 | Anderson, Kulhavy, Andre (1971). Feedback procedures in programmed instruction. Journal of Educational Psychology 62, 148-156. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1037/h0030766 |
| Andre 1979 | Andre (1979). Does answering higher-level questions while reading facilitate productive learning? Review of Educational Research 49, 280 (first page). Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.2307/1169962 |
| Anki 2026a | Ankitects (undated, read 2026-10-29). Anki Manual: Getting Started (shared decks, notes and fields, card types, note types) | https://docs.ankiweb.net/getting-started.html |
| Anki 2026b | Ankitects (undated, read 2026-10-29). Anki Manual: Background | https://docs.ankiweb.net/background.html |
| Anki 2026c | Ankitects (undated, read 2026-10-29). Anki Manual: Leeches | https://docs.ankiweb.net/leeches.html |
| Armagan 2017 | Armagan, Keskin, Akin (2017). Effectiveness of conceptual change texts: a meta analysis. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education 5(4), 343-354. Abstract read in the article | https://doi.org/10.30935/scimath/9515 |
| ASSISTments 2026 | ASSISTments (undated, read 2026-10-29). Home page: usage and features. The owner's page | https://www.assistments.org/ |
| Atkinson 2000 | Atkinson, Derry, Renkl, Wortham (2000). Learning from examples: instructional principles from the worked examples research. Review of Educational Research 70(2), 181-214. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543070002181 |
| Atkinson 2003 | Atkinson, Renkl, Merrill (2003). Transitioning from studying examples to solving problems: effects of self-explanation prompts and fading worked-out steps. Journal of Educational Psychology 95(4), 774-783. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.774 |
| Bachiri 2025 | Bachiri, Mouncif, Bouikhalene (2025). Harnessing generative AI to boost active retrieval and retention in MOOCs with spaced repetition. Knowledge Management and E-Learning 17. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2025.17.018 |
| Baker 2008 | Baker, Walonoski, Heffernan, Roll, Corbett, Koedinger (2008). Why students engage in "gaming the system" behavior in interactive learning environments. Journal of Interactive Learning Research 19(2). Abstract read (ERIC) | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ789079 |
| Balepur 2024 | Balepur, Shu, Hoyle, Robey, Feng (2024). A SMART mnemonic sounds like "Glue Tonic": mixing LLMs with student feedback to make mnemonic learning stick. Preprint; abstract read | arXiv:2406.15352 |
| Bangert-Drowns 1991 | Bangert-Drowns, Kulik, Kulik, Morgan (1991). The instructional effect of feedback in test-like events. Review of Educational Research 61, 213-237. Abstract read (ERIC); effect as listed in Hattie 2007 | https://doi.org/10.2307/1170535 |
| Barbieri 2023 | Barbieri, Miller-Cotto, Clerjuste, Chawla (2023). A meta-analysis of the worked examples effect on mathematics performance. Educational Psychology Review (core, linked) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09745-1 |
| Barhdaoui 2026 | Barhdaoui, Kervarrec, Sohier (2026). Using spaced repetition to teach histopathology significantly improves diagnostic skills: a randomized within-participant evaluation. Anatomical Sciences Education 19(9), 1386-1395. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.70261 |
| Bas 2017 | Baş, Şentürk, Ciğerci (2017). Homework and academic achievement: a meta-analytic review of research. Issues in Educational Research 27(1). Abstract read (ERIC) | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1130406 |
| Bastani 2025 | Bastani, Bastani, Sungu, Ge, Kabakcı, Mariman (2025). Generative AI without guardrails can harm learning: evidence from high school mathematics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122(26), e2422633122. Abstract read (Crossref) | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2422633122 |
| Bego 2024 | Bego, Lyle, Ralston, Immekus, Chastain, Haynes, Hoyt, Pigg, Rabin, Scobee, Starr (2024). Single-paper meta-analyses of the effects of spaced retrieval practice in nine introductory STEM courses: is the glass half full or half empty? International Journal of STEM Education 11. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00468-5 |
| Benbassat 2008 | Benbassat, Underwood, Bailey, Albright, Chadwell (2008). Empirical and perceived utility of text boxes. College Student Journal. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ817009 |
| Bertsch 2007 | Bertsch, Pesta, Wiscott, McDaniel (2007). The generation effect: a meta-analytic review. Memory and Cognition 35(2), 201-210. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193441 |
| Biggers 2020 | Biggers, Luo (2020). Guiding students to success: a systematic review of research on guided notes as an instructional strategy from 2009-2019. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 17(3). Abstract and summary table read | https://doi.org/10.53761/1.17.3.12 |
| Biggs 1996 | Biggs (1996). Enhancing teaching through constructive alignment. Higher Education 32(3), 347-364. Abstract read (ERIC EJ534311) | https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00138871 |
| Bishop 2024 | Bishop, Best, Horsley (2024). Comparison of academic achievement between online vs traditional homework: a meta-analysis. e-Journal of Business Education and Scholarship of Teaching. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1428382 |
| Bisra 2018 | Bisra, Liu, Nesbit, Salimi, Winne (2018). Inducing self-explanation. Educational Psychology Review | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-018-9434-x |
| Bjork 1994 | Bjork (1994). Memory and metamemory considerations in the training of human beings. In Metcalfe, Shimamura (eds.), Metacognition: Knowing about Knowing, MIT Press, 185-206. Chapter not opened | https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4561.003.0011 |
| Bjork 2013 | Bjork, Dunlosky, Kornell (2013). Self-regulated learning: beliefs, techniques, and illusions. Annual Review of Psychology 64, 417-444. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143823 |
| Bjornstad 2020 | Bjornstad (2020, updated 2020-07-20). Rules for designing precise Anki cards. Control-Alt-Backspace (personal site) | https://controlaltbackspace.org/precise/ |
| Bow 2013 | Bow, Dattilo, Jonas, Lehmann (2013). A crowdsourcing model for creating preclinical medical education study tools. Academic Medicine 88(6), 766-770. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31828f86ef |
| Brame 2013 | Brame (2013). Writing good multiple choice test questions. Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching guide. The page has moved; archived copy of 2023-12-19 read 2026-10-29 | https://web.archive.org/web/20231219193406/https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/writing-good-multiple-choice-test-questions/ |
| Branwen 2019 | Branwen (2009, modified 2019-05-17). Spaced repetition for efficient learning. Gwern.net (personal site) | https://gwern.net/spaced-repetition |
| Britton 1985 | Britton, Glynn, Muth, Penland (1985). Instructional objectives in text: managing the reader's attention. Journal of Reading Behavior 17(2), 101-113. Abstract read (ERIC EJ395020) | https://doi.org/10.1080/10862968509547533 |
| Brom 2026 | Brom, van Gog, Děchtěrenko, Volná, van den Broek (2026). Retrieval practice in the wild: comparing different multiple-choice question formats on a children's TV gaming site. Applied Cognitive Psychology 40. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.70217 |
| Brunmair 2019 | Brunmair, Richter (2019). Similarity matters: interleaved learning and its moderators. Psychological Bulletin (core, linked) | https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000209 |
| Burns 2014 | Burns (2014; online 2013). Security blanket or crutch? Crib card usage depends on students' abilities. Teaching of Psychology 41(1), 66-68. Abstract read (ERIC EJ1020701) | https://doi.org/10.1177/0098628313514181 |
| Butler 2007 | Butler, Karpicke, Roediger (2007). The effect of type and timing of feedback on learning from multiple-choice tests. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 13, 273-281. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.13.4.273 |
| Butler 2008 | Butler, Roediger (2008). Feedback enhances the positive effects and reduces the negative effects of multiple-choice testing. Memory and Cognition 36, 604-616. Abstract read (PubMed) | https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.36.3.604 |
| Butler 2010 | Butler (2010). Repeated testing produces superior transfer of learning relative to repeated studying. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 36, 1118-1133. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019902 |
| Butler 2013 | Butler, Godbole, Marsh (2013). Explanation feedback is better than correct answer feedback for promoting transfer of learning. Journal of Educational Psychology 105, 290-298. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031026 |
| Butler 2018 | Butler (2018). Multiple-choice testing in education: are the best practices for assessment also good for learning? Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 7, 323-331. Not opened; its recommendations read in WashU 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.07.002 |
| Candel 2021 | Candel, Máñez, Cerdán, Vidal-Abarca (2021). Delaying elaborated feedback within computer-based learning environments: the role of summative and question-based feedback. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 37, 1015-1029. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12540 |
| Carpenter 2012 | Carpenter, Olson (2012). Are pictures good for learning new vocabulary in a foreign language? Only if you think they are not. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 38(1), 92-101. Abstract read (ERIC EJ965468) | https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024828 |
| Carpentries 2025 | The Carpentries (2025). Annual Report 2025. Read 2026-10-29; archived copy https://web.archive.org/web/20260710131833/https://carpentries.org/reports/annual-reports/2025AnnualReport.pdf | https://carpentries.org/reports/annual-reports/2025AnnualReport.pdf |
| Carpentries 2025p | The Carpentries (2025, page updated 2025-08-05, read 2026-10-29). Instructor Training, episode "Building Skill With Practice" | https://carpentries.github.io/instructor-training/02-practice-learning.html |
| Carpentries 2026a | The Carpentries (undated, read 2026-10-29). Episode structure. The Carpentries Workbench documentation; archived copy https://web.archive.org/web/20260512004936/https://carpentries.github.io/sandpaper-docs/episodes.html | https://carpentries.github.io/sandpaper-docs/episodes.html |
| Carpentries 2026b | The Carpentries (undated, read 2026-10-29). Lesson design. Collaborative Lesson Development Training; archived copy https://web.archive.org/web/20261020183316/https://carpentries.github.io/lesson-development-training/lesson-design.html | https://carpentries.github.io/lesson-development-training/lesson-design.html |
| Carpentries 2026p | The Carpentries (2026, page updated 2026-10-06, read 2026-10-29). The Carpentries Workbench, component guide: challenge, hint and solution blocks | https://carpentries.github.io/sandpaper-docs/component-guide.html |
| Carvalho 2014 | Carvalho, Goldstone (2014). Putting category learning in order. Memory and Cognition (core reading-order, linked) | https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-013-0371-0 |
| Cepeda 2008 | Cepeda, Vul, Rohrer, Wixted, Pashler (2008). Spacing effects in learning: a temporal ridgeline of optimal retention. Psychological Science (core, linked) | https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02209.x |
| Chauhan 2025 | Chauhan, Khaliq, Nayak (2025). Assessing quality of scenario-based multiple-choice questions in physiology: faculty-generated vs. ChatGPT-generated questions among phase I medical students. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 35, 2315-2344. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-025-00471-z |
| Chegg 2025 | Chegg, Inc. (2025). Chegg reports 2024 fourth quarter and full year financial results. Press release filed with the SEC (Form 8-K, exhibit 99.1). The owner's report | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1364954/000136495425000011/a9901-financialresultsq420.htm |
| Chen 2021 | Chen, Paas, Sweller (2021). Spacing and interleaving effects require distinct theoretical bases: a systematic review testing the cognitive load and discriminative-contrast hypotheses. Educational Psychology Review 33, 1499-1522. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09613-w |
| Chen 2022 | Chen (2022). Measuring the level of homework answer copying during COVID-19 induced remote instruction. Physical Review Physics Education Research 18. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevphyseducres.18.010126 |
| Clinton 2019 | Clinton, Khan (2019). Efficacy of open textbook adoption on learning performance and course withdrawal rates: a meta-analysis. AERA Open 5(3). Read (ERIC full text EJ1229798) | https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419872212 |
| CMU 2025 | Eberly Center, Carnegie Mellon University (dated by its footer only, 2025; read 2026-10-29). Articulate your learning objectives; archived copy https://web.archive.org/web/20261013234006/https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/designteach/design/learningobjectives.html | https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/designteach/design/learningobjectives.html |
| Cohen 1987 | Cohen (1987). Instructional alignment: searching for a magic bullet. Educational Researcher 16(8), 16-20. Abstract read (ERIC EJ365516) | https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x016008016 |
| Collins 2018 | Collins, Rasco, Benassi (2018). Test-enhanced learning: does deeper processing on quizzes benefit exam performance? Teaching of Psychology 45, 235-238. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1177/0098628318779262 |
| Cook 1981 | Cook (1981). Summaries: further issues and data. Educational Review 33(3), 215-222. Abstract read (ERIC EJ253246) | https://doi.org/10.1080/0013191810330305 |
| Cooper 2006 | Cooper, Robinson, Patall (2006). Does homework improve academic achievement? A synthesis of research, 1987-2003. Review of Educational Research 76(1), 1-62. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543076001001 |
| Coppens 2019 | Coppens, Hoogerheide, Snippe, Flunger, van Gog (2019). Effects of problem-example and example-problem pairs on gifted and nongifted primary school students' learning. Instructional Science 47, 279-297. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-019-09484-3 |
| Costa 2022 | Costa, Miranda, Melo (2022). Four-component instructional design (4C/ID) model: a meta-analysis. Learning Environments Research (core, linked) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-021-09373-y |
| Cox 2024 | Cox, Gulacar (2024). Examining the effect of categorized versus uncategorized homework on test performance of general chemistry students. Chemistry Teacher International 7, 225-232. Abstract read (Crossref) | https://doi.org/10.1515/cti-2024-0083 |
| Crissinger 2015 | Crissinger (2015). The effect of distributed practice in undergraduate statistics homework sets: a randomized trial. Journal of Statistics Education 23(3). Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1080/10691898.2015.11889743 |
| CSEd 2017d | "Effectiveness of Parsons Problems". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 302, asked 2017-05; read 2026-10-29 (14 votes, 2,380 views, 5 answers) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/302 |
| CSEd 2017e | "Students can solve programming exercises but not explain their solutions. What to do?". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 3291, asked 2017-08; read 2026-10-29 (50 votes, 16,743 views, 8 answers) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/3291 |
| CSEd 2018a | "Should I Provide Answers To Exercises?". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 4503, asked 2018-03; read 2026-10-29 (6 votes, 406 views, 6 answers) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/4503 |
| CSEd 2018b | "Difficulty of algorithms homework problems". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 4858, asked 2018-06; read 2026-10-29 (18 votes, 915 views, 4 answers) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/4858 |
| CSEd 2018c | "Usefullness of Study Guide". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 4498, asked 2018-03; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 1,003 views, 4 answers) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/4498 |
| CSEd 2018p | "How can I speed up the construction of high quality testing materials?". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 4626, asked 2018-04; read 2026-10-29 (15 votes, 2,261 views, 5 answers) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/4626 |
| CSEd 2024p | "Immediate feedback in Gradescope, without gaming". Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange, question 8106, asked 2024-08; read 2026-10-29 (3 votes, 151 views, 1 answer) | https://cseducators.stackexchange.com/questions/8106 |
| Cushen 2019 | Cushen, Hackathorn, Vázquez Brown, Rife, Joyce, Smith et al. (2019). "What's on the test?": the impact of giving students a concept-list study guide. Teaching of Psychology 46(2), 109-114. Abstract read (ERIC EJ1209177) | https://doi.org/10.1177/0098628319834171 |
| Danielson 2025 | Danielson, Jacobson, Patall, Sinatra, Adesope et al. (2025; online 2024). The effectiveness of refutation text in confronting scientific misconceptions: a meta-analysis. Educational Psychologist 60(1), 23-47. Abstract read (ERIC EJ1456277) | https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2024.2365628 |
| Davila 2009 | Dávila, Talanquer (2009). Classifying end-of-chapter questions and problems for selected general chemistry textbooks used in the United States. Journal of Chemical Education 87, 97-101 (print 2010). Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1021/ed8000232 |
| Deng 2015 | Deng, Gluckstein, Larsen (2015). Student-directed retrieval practice is a predictor of medical licensing examination performance. Perspectives on Medical Education 4(6), 308-313. Full text read | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-015-0220-x |
| Diakidoy 2011 | Diakidoy, Mouskounti, Ioannides (2011). Comprehension and learning from refutation and expository texts. Reading Research Quarterly 46(1), 22-38. Abstract read (ERIC EJ910960) | https://doi.org/10.1598/rrq.46.1.2 |
| Dickson 2005 | Dickson, Miller (2005). Authorized crib cards do not improve exam performance. Teaching of Psychology 32(4), 230-233 (carried from reader-ergonomics, whose row was corrected in v1.3.1) | https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top3204_6 |
| Dickson 2005b | Dickson, Miller, Devoley (2005). Effect of textbook study guides on student performance in introductory psychology. Teaching of Psychology 32(1), 34-39. Abstract read (ERIC EJ724985) | https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top3201_8 |
| Dickson 2008 | Dickson, Bauer (2008). Do students learn course material during crib sheet construction? Teaching of Psychology 35(2), 117-120. Abstract read (ERIC EJ791800) | https://doi.org/10.1080/00986280801978343 |
| Dizon 2017 | Dizon, Tang (2017). Comparing the efficacy of digital flashcards versus paper flashcards to improve receptive and productive L2 vocabulary. The EuroCALL Review 25(1), 3. Abstract read; not used | https://doi.org/10.4995/eurocall.2017.6964 |
| Downing 2005 | Downing (2005). The effects of violating standard item writing principles on tests and students: the consequences of using flawed test items on achievement examinations in medical education. Advances in Health Sciences Education 10, 133-143. Abstract read (ERIC) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-004-4019-5 |
| Du 2020 | Du, Luxton-Reilly, Denny (2020). A review of research on Parsons problems. Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Australasian Computing Education Conference, 195-202. Abstract read | https://doi.org/10.1145/3373165.3373187 |
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| GitHub 2026h | The reviewer's own reading of public repository counts (stars, creation dates) for ankitects/anki, ankidroid/Anki-Android, open-spaced-repetition/fsrs4anki and andymatuschak/orbit, through the public GitHub API without login, 2026-10-29. Not a source | https://api.github.com/repos/ankitects/anki |
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| Gurung 2004 | Gurung (2004). Pedagogical aids: learning enhancers or dangerous detours? Teaching of Psychology 31(3), 164-166. Abstract read (ERIC EJ683177) | https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top3103_1 |
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| LLSE 2016e | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2016). Why does anki remove 'leeches'? Question 742 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/742 |
| LLSE 2016f | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2016). How to personalize a vocabulary flashcard deck without spending too much time on it? Question 875 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/875 |
| LLSE 2016g | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2016). Is there an assumption you've learnt something before putting it on Anki? Question 953 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/953 |
| LLSE 2016h | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2016). How can I put grammar rules into flashcards? Question 2500 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/2500 |
| LLSE 2017a | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2017). What are Anki's disadvantages? Question 2639 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/2639 |
| LLSE 2017b | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2017). How do cloze flashcards compare to translation flashcards? Question 2789 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/2789 |
| LLSE 2018a | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2018). How should I make flash cards for words with multiple meanings? Question 3685 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/3685 |
| LLSE 2018b | Language Learning Stack Exchange (2018). According to research, should related words be taught together? Question 3857 | https://languagelearning.stackexchange.com/questions/3857 |
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| MathEd 2014a | "How to assign homework when answers are freely available or attainable online?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 6, asked 2014-03; read 2026-10-29 (91 votes, 11,857 views, 13 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/6 |
| MathEd 2014b | "Is it good to have solutions of homework published?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 86, asked 2014-03; read 2026-10-29 (24 votes, 1,666 views, 9 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/86 |
| MathEd 2014c | "It is good to have old exams (with solutions) published?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 351, asked 2014-03; read 2026-10-29 (12 votes, 429 views, 4 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/351 |
| MathEd 2014d | "online homework vs paper homework". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 552, asked 2014-03; read 2026-10-29 (13 votes, 1,185 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/552 |
| MathEd 2014e | "What does math education research know about difficulty vs. effectiveness?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 875, asked 2014-03; read 2026-10-29 (41 votes, 2,932 views, 3 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/875 |
| MathEd 2014f | "Is it convenient to classify problem by level of difficulty?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 1890, asked 2014-04; read 2026-10-29 (8 votes, 446 views, 4 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/1890 |
| MathEd 2014g | "Overload of Calculus homework assignments". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 2536, asked 2014-06; read 2026-10-29 (17 votes, 2,443 views, 5 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/2536 |
| MathEd 2014h | "Hand out lecture notes or not?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 1114, asked 2014-03; read 2026-10-29 (23 votes, 1,382 views, 5 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/1114 |
| MathEd 2014i | "How do you go about writing your own lecture notes for a new course?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 1263, asked 2014-04; read 2026-10-29 (26 votes, 4,243 views, 6 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/1263 |
| MathEd 2014j | "Lecture Notes: Slides with extra detail or longer PDF?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 1800, asked 2014-04; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 488 views, 3 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/1800 |
| MathEd 2014k | "How can we help students learn how to read their textbook?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 2164, asked 2014-05; read 2026-10-29 (53 votes, 13,249 views, 15 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/2164 |
| MathEd 2014l | "Why are textbook chapters so long?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 2590, asked 2014-06; read 2026-10-29 (6 votes, 840 views, 1 answer) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/2590 |
| MathEd 2014p | "What research is there on the effectiveness of multiple choice questions for summative assessment?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 2457, asked 2014-05; read 2026-10-29 (13 votes, 3,230 views, 3 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/2457 |
| MathEd 2014q | "Why do most of the books in mathematics not include answers?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 1468, asked 2014-04; read 2026-10-29 (17 votes, 1,430 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/1468 |
| MathEd 2015a | "How to give homework for integration techniques?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 7431, asked 2015-02; read 2026-10-29 (23 votes, 1,156 views, 7 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/7431 |
| MathEd 2016a | "Importance of exercises for learning mathematics". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 11309, asked 2016-08; read 2026-10-29 (10 votes, 1,237 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/11309 |
| MathEd 2016b | "Is proof-based exercise-oriented math course without solution an effective way to teach pure math?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 11511, asked 2016-10; read 2026-10-29 (8 votes, 454 views, 3 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/11511 |
| MathEd 2016p | "Effectiveness of multiple-choice versus short answer questions". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 11272, asked 2016-07; read 2026-10-29 (13 votes, 1,943 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/11272 |
| MathEd 2016q | "Bloom's taxonomy". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 11826, asked 2016-12; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 903 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/11826 |
| MathEd 2017a | "Making solutions to all problems freely available". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 13404, asked 2017-12; read 2026-10-29 (17 votes, 763 views, 4 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/13404 |
| MathEd 2017b | "Constructive refutation of student misconception". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 12368, asked 2017-05; read 2026-10-29 (19 votes, 1,040 views, 3 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/12368 |
| MathEd 2017c | "A4 paper of notes in an exam". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 12720, asked 2017-08; read 2026-10-29 (9 votes, 2,472 views, 3 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/12720 |
| MathEd 2017p | "How to design multiple choice questions". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 13058, asked 2017-10; read 2026-10-29 (12 votes, 1,350 views, 4 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/13058 |
| MathEd 2017q | "Odd or Even-Numbered Answers in Textbooks". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 13207, asked 2017-11; read 2026-10-29 (10 votes, 4,239 views, 1 answer) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/13207 |
| MathEd 2018p | "Ten options for multiple choices questions". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 14038, asked 2018-05; read 2026-10-29 (2 votes, 700 views, 7 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/14038 |
| MathEd 2019a | "What's the point of exercises without answers?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 16741, asked 2019-06; read 2026-10-29 (9 votes, 1,030 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/16741 |
| MathEd 2020a | "What websites allow students to purchase solutions to problems?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 18463, asked 2020-06; read 2026-10-29 (31 votes, 8,471 views, 4 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/18463 |
| MathEd 2020p | "How does a teacher come up with plausible wrong answers for multiple choice tests?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 18048, asked 2020-03; read 2026-10-29 (24 votes, 7,978 views, 5 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/18048 |
| MathEd 2021a | "What determines whether a textbook publishes all solutions to exercises?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 19452, asked 2021-02; read 2026-10-29 (5 votes, 272 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/19452 |
| MathEd 2021b | "What studies exist, comparing the efficacy of exercise sheets with or without worked solutions?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 23292, asked 2021-08; read 2026-10-29 (15 votes, 294 views, 0 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/23292 |
| MathEd 2022a | "The Interleaving Effect: How widely is this used?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 25414, asked 2022-07; read 2026-10-29 (9 votes, 661 views, 1 answer) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/25414 |
| MathEd 2022b | "What other mathematicians have advocated for freely publicizing detailed solutions, to every exercise?". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 25760, asked 2022-11; read 2026-10-29 (4 votes, 1,119 views, 2 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/25760 |
| MathEd 2023a | "How to give exercises when students can use ChatGPT". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 26255, asked 2023-03; read 2026-10-29 (42 votes, 18,378 views, 16 answers) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/26255 |
| MathEd 2024a | "Recommendations on the number of exercises to do from Linear Algebra and Its Applications 6th edition". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 28263, asked 2024-11; read 2026-10-29 (6 votes, 1,183 views, 1 answer) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/28263 |
| MathEd 2025p | "Multiple-choice questions and negative sentences". Mathematics Educators Stack Exchange, question 28808, asked 2025-09; read 2026-10-29 (3 votes, 351 views, 1 answer) | https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/28808 |
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