Frame
This file states the problem in one sentence and lists what the fields that study reports call its parts.
The problem in one sentence
How should a student's report be ordered and written so that its readers can find its answer, judge it and reuse it? Those readers are several: a grader, a jury, a host company, a colleague. The report must also meet what the school or the standard requires.
What the field calls it
| Name | Field | What it covers |
|---|---|---|
| Genre, genre family | applied linguistics, English for Academic Purposes (EAP) | a recurring type of assignment with a purpose and stages; 13 families in Nesi 2012 |
| Assessed student writing | corpus linguistics | texts written for a grade, as in the BAWE corpus |
| Thesis structure (simple, complex, topic-based, compilation) | genre analysis | the chapter plans of research theses (Paltridge 2002) |
| Move | genre analysis | a stretch of text with one rhetorical job; see Swales 1990, linked from the academic papers review |
| Thesis examination, examiner judgement | higher-education research | how examiners decide (Mullins 2002, Kiley 2004) |
| Scientific and technical report, technical report | information science, standards | a report on research or on a technical task, with prescribed components (NISO 2010) |
| Executive summary | management, standards | a non-technical front summary for decision makers (NISO 2010) |
| Report components | information science | title page, summary, abstract, introduction and the rest, as parts a reader uses (Pinelli 1982) |
| Headings, signalling | educational psychology | labels that show topic structure (Lorch 1996) |
What practitioners and French schools call it
| Name | Where | Field's name above |
|---|---|---|
| rapport de stage | schools, universities | internship report |
| rapport de projet | courses | project report (no standard term found) |
| mémoire (de master) | universities | master's thesis |
| mémoire d'ingénieur, rapport de fin d'études, PFE (projet de fin d'études) | engineering schools; the internship report itself is called a mémoire (EOST 2026) | final internship report |
| grille d'évaluation | all of them | grading rubric |
| soutenance | all of them | oral defence |
| résumé, mots-clés, problématique | French reports | abstract, keywords, the research question with its justification |
| écrits universitaires, littéracies universitaires | French language-education research | academic writing as a field |
| rédaction scientifique | French guides | scientific writing |
| maître de stage, tuteur | internships | host-company supervisor, school supervisor |
Practitioners say "mémoire" for two different things: a research thesis and an engineer's internship report. No French term for the genre family of a course project report was found; BAWE has none either.
Sub-questions
| Id | Question |
|---|---|
| R1 | Genres of student writing, and the moves and sections of the four report kinds |
| R2 | What standards and French schools prescribe |
| R3 | Who reads each kind, how, and what graders reward |
| R4 | What is measured about what helps a report reader |
| R5 | Where academic convention conflicts with reader ergonomics |
| R6 | The baseline template |
Method
A multivocal literature review after Garousi 2019; the steps are in protocol.